Why did FDR's New Deal hurt blacks
EXCERPT:
Marginal workers, like unskilled blacks, desperately needed an expanding economy to create more jobs. Yet New Deal policies made it harder for employers to hire people. FDR tripled federal taxes between 1933 and 1940. Social Security excise taxes on payrolls discouraged employers from hiring. New Deal securities laws made it harder for employers to raise capital. New Deal antitrust lawsuits harassed some 150 employers and whole industries. Whatever the merits of such policies might have been, it was bizarre to disrupt private sector employment when the median unemployment rate was 17 percent.
Amish and Social Security Insurance
EXCERPT:
Valentine Byler vs. the IRS
"Pay Unto Caesar - The Amish & Social Security"
Many people think the Amish do not pay taxes. They do. But they have been exempted from paying Social Security. This story is little known to the general public today. It is full of drama, clashes with the government, issues of religious freedom, politics, and much more. For writing this 5-part series, I was privileged to have access to many original materials and personal letters.
How Amish fought Social Security video inside as well
EXCERPT:
He also remembers when it was amended to first include farmers, which originally were not part of the program. This lead to the story of the Amish and their struggle with the IRS over Social Security.
You may not know this about the Amish community, but they do pay taxes. They pay income and property taxes just like any other American citizen. However, they do NOT pay social security or medicare. Why this is, and how they got out of it is a fascinating story I would like to share with you.
Social Security number wikipedia
EXCERPT:
Non-universal status
Social Security was originally a universal tax, but when Medicare was passed in 1965, objecting religious groups in existence prior to 1951 were allowed to opt out of the system.[9] Because of this, not every American is part of the Social Security program, and not everyone has a number. However, a social security number is required for parents to claim their children as dependents for federal income tax purposes,[6] and the Internal Revenue Service requires all corporations to obtain SSNs (or alternative identifying numbers) from their employees, as described below. The Old Order Amish have fought to prevent universal Social Security by overturning rules such as a requirement to provide a Social Security number for a hunting license.[10]
De jure wikipedia
EXCERPT:
De jure (in Classical Latin de iure) is an expression that means "concerning law", as contrasted with de facto, which means "concerning fact".
The terms de jure and de facto are used instead of "in principle" and "in practice", respectively, when one is describing political or legal situations.
In a legal context, de jure is also translated as "concerning law". A practice may exist de facto, where for example the people obey a contract as though there were a law enforcing it, yet there is no such law. A process known as "desuetude" may allow de facto practices to replace obsolete laws. On the other hand, practices may exist de jure and not be obeyed or observed by the people.
[edit] Social sciences and other usages
As a logical complement of de facto, where de facto has a more generic acceptance (not so restrictive as at legal context), like in social sciences. See de facto standards and other usages.
De facto wikipedia
EXCERPTs:
1) Politics
A de facto government is a government wherein all the attributes of sovereignty have, by usurpation, been transferred from those who had been legally invested with them to others, who, sustained by a power above the forms of law, claim to act and do really act in their stead.[2]
In politics, a de facto leader of a country or region is one who has assumed authority, regardless of whether by lawful, constitutional, or legitimate means; very frequently the term is reserved for those whose power is thought by some faction to be held by unlawful, unconstitutional, or otherwise illegitimate means, often by deposing a previous leader or undermining the rule of a current one. De facto leaders need not hold a constitutional office, and may exercise power in an informal manner.
2) Another example of a de facto ruler is someone who is not the actual ruler, but exerts great or total influence over the true ruler, which is quite common in monarchies. Some examples of these de facto rulers are Empress Dowager Cixi of China (for son Tongzhi and nephew Guangxu Emperors), Prince Alexander Menshikov (for his former lover Empress Catherine I of Russia), Cardinal Richelieu of France (for Louis XIII), and Queen Marie Caroline of Naples and Sicily (for her husband King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies).
Social Security (United States) wikipedia
EXCERPT:
Controversy
Social Security was controversial when originally proposed, with one point of opposition being that it would cause a loss of jobs. However, proponents argued that there was in fact an advantage: it would encourage older workers to retire, thereby creating opportunities for younger people to find jobs, which would lower the unemployment rate. While most economists attribute the recession of 1937 and 1938 to other causes, historian Edward Berkowitz subsequently contended that the Act was a cause of the "Roosevelt Recession".
Most women and minorities were excluded from the benefits of unemployment insurance and old age pensions. Employment definitions reflected typical white male categories and patterns.[11] Job categories that were not covered by the act included workers in agricultural labor, domestic service, government employees, and many teachers, nurses, hospital employees, librarians, and social workers.[12] The act also denied coverage to individuals who worked intermittently.[13] These jobs were dominated by women and minorities. For example, women made up 90% of domestic labor in 1940 and two-thirds of all employed black women were in domestic service.[14] Exclusions exempted nearly half the working population.[13] Nearly two-thirds of all African Americans in the labor force, 70 to 80% in some areas in the South, and just over half of all women employed were not covered by Social Security.[15][16] At the time, the NAACP protested the Social Security Act, describing it as “a sieve with holes just big enough for the majority of Negroes to fall through.”[16]
Some have suggested that this discrimination resulted from the powerful position of Southern Democrats on two of the committees pivotal for the Act’s creation, the Senate Finance Committee and the House Ways and Means Committee.[citation needed] Southern congressmen supported Social Security as a means to bring needed relief to areas in the South that were especially hurt by the Great Depression but wished to avoid legislation which might interfere with the racial status quo in the South. The solution to this dilemma was to pass a bill that both included exclusions and granted authority to the states rather than the national government (such as the states' power in Aid to Dependent Children). Others have argued that exclusions of job categories such as agriculture were frequently left out of new social security systems worldwide because of the administrative difficulties in covering these workers.[16]
Social Security reinforced traditional views of family life.[17] Women generally qualified for insurance only through their husbands or children.[17] Mothers’ pensions (Title IV) based entitlements on the presumption that mothers would be unemployed.[17]
Historical discrimination in the system can also be seen with regard to Aid to Dependent Children. Since this money was allocated to the states to distribute, some localities assessed black families as needing less money than white families. These low grant levels made it impossible for African American mothers to not work: one requirement of the program.[18] Some states also excluded children born out of wedlock, an exclusion which affected African American women more than white women.[19] One study determined that 14.4% of eligible white individuals received funding, but only 1.5% of eligible black individuals received these benefits.[16]
Social Security
EXCERPT:
Were the assets of the Social Security Trust Funds depleted in the past? The assets of the larger trust fund (OASI), from which retirement benefits are paid, were nearly depleted in 1982. No beneficiary was shortchanged because the Congress enacted temporary emergency legislation that permitted borrowing from other Federal trust funds and then later enacted legislation to strengthen OASI Trust Fund financing. The borrowed amounts were repaid with interest within 4 years.
Federal budget
Former operating divisions and agencies
Social Security Administration, made independent in 1995.
Health Care Financing Administration, renamed to Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
OPPOSING VIEWS AND MORE:
•Here is an Opposing View.
•Is there Colusion in Congress?
•And how about those Earmarks?
•Learn more about Article V of the Constitution.
•Capitalism reality check.
•What about your rights as a U. S. Citizen?
The Social Security crisis begins in just 5 years.
EXCERPT:
The leftist opponents of Social Security reform want you to believe there’s no “crisis,” and that whatever problems the system may have won’t materialize for more than 35 years. Funny how such equanimity and patience seem to elude them when the subject is global warming.
The opponents of reform claim that the Social Security crisis is, in fact, a crisis of general public finance — not one of the Social Security system itself. They see Social Security as an entity separate from the federal government, and maintain that its own dedicated stream of tax revenues and trust-fund assets will keep it going for more than a third of a century.
Independent agencies of the US government (Social Security)
EXCERPT:
The Social Security Administration (SSA) manages the nation's social insurance program, consisting of retirement, disability, and survivors benefits. To qualify for these benefits, most American workers pay Social Security taxes on their earnings; future benefits are based on the employees' contributions. SSA was part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services until the early 1990s.
Is SS still a part of the Department of Health and Human Services
EXCERPT:
Department of Health and Human Services
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mission Statement
The Department of Health and Human Services is the United States government's principal agency for protecting health and providing essential human services to Americans.
Administering some 250 separate programs, the department has the largest budget among all the federal departments--in fact, a budget that is exceeded only by that of the United States itself and Germany. The HHS budget accounts for almost 40 percent of all United States federal government spending.
The largest single federal programs, Social Security and Medicare, are part of this department. HHS' National Institutes of Health comprise the world's largest medical research center. And the Food and Drug Administration regulates products that account for some 25 cents for every dollar spend by American consumers. The department's employees work in every U.S. state and in many other countries of the world.
The work of the Department is carried out principally by four operating divisions:
-- Public Health Services
-- Social Security Administration
-- Health Care Financing Administration
-- Administration for Children and Families
With Emphasis on those least able to help themselves, the department provides services that protect and advance the quality of life for all Americans. HHS provides direct services or income support to more than one in every five Americans.
At a glance:
-- HHS Budget, FY 1994 -- $641 billion
-- HHS Employees -- 127,000
US Dept of Health and Human Services
EXCERPT:
The department was renamed the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) in 1979,[3] when its education functions were transferred to the newly created United States Department of Education under the Department of Education Organization Act.[4] HHS was left in charge of the Social Security Administration, agencies constituting the Public Health Service, and Family Support Administration.
In 1995, the Social Security Administration was removed from the Department of Health and Human Services, and established as an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States Government.
FDR was a racist video
Derry Brownfield v Monsanto
EXCERPT:
Monsanto's Goon Squads
Farm Broadcaster Ousted After Ripping Monsanto's Goon Squads
By Russell Mokhiber
Corporate Crime Reporter, May 1, 2008
Straight to the Source
If you have heard of Learfield Communications, it is probably from listening to college football and basketball games.
The Jefferson City, Missouri based Learfield is one of the nation's largest broadcasters of college sports.
But it also produces news programming heard throughout the farm belt.
Learfield was started 35 years ago by Clyde Lear and Derry Brownfield.
Lear went on to be the chairman of the company. He bought out his friend and partner Brownfield in 1985.
Brownfield went on to do market news reports for the Learfield news division until 1997 or so, when he started broadcasting a daily call-in show called The Common Sense Coalition.
Derry Brownfield would broadcast The Common Sense Coalition from the studios of Learfield Communications.
Learfield would subsidize the program and allow Brownfield to use its studios and satellite hook-up.
Monsanto happens to be a big advertiser of the Learfield news division - to the tune of hundreds of thousands of dollars a year.
Brownfield happens to think that Monsanto is an evil corporation.
Therein lies the rub.
For weeks, Brownfield had been ripping Monsanto on air for its policies of enforcing its seed patents against farmers.
On the April 16 show, Brownfield's topic was seed industry concentration in America.
Jane Akre and Steve Wilson
EXCERPT:
From SourceWatch
Accusing Fox News Corporation of "intentionally airing false and distorted news reports," former reporters Steve Wilson and Jane Akre filed a challenge against the company's license to broadcast using publicly owned airwaves.[1]
The married couple filed a petition on 3 January 2005 with the Federal Communications Commission to deny renewal of license to Tampa station WTVT, Channel 13, for "intentionally airing false and distorted news reports" in 1997.[2]
Monsanto and Fox in Censorship
EXCERPT:
The WTVT Scandal
That, according to Florida TV station WTVT, was why it hired the husband-and-wife team with much fanfare in November 1996 to head the station's "news investigative unit." Now, in the wake of their firing barely a year later, the Fox network affiliate is accusing them of theft for daring to independently publish the script of the story that they were never allowed to air.
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